A-SQUARE GROUP

⚡ Lightning Arresters

The Ultimate Guide to Electrical Surge Protection

What is a Lightning Arrester?

A lightning arrester is a device that safely diverts high-voltage surges—like lightning strikes—to the ground, protecting electrical equipment and systems from damage.

Modern lightning arresters are typically made from Zinc Oxide (ZnO) varistors and operate faster, more reliably, and maintenance-free compared to old spark-gap types.

How Does It Work?

1
Normal Condition
Arrester acts as an insulator. No current flows to the ground.
2
Surge Hits
Voltage exceeds threshold. ZnO becomes conductive, and current flows to the ground.
3
Post Surge
Voltage returns to normal. Arrester goes back to high resistance state.

Key Components

ZnO Varistors
Non-linear resistors that allow surge current to pass while blocking normal voltages.
Housing
Porcelain or polymer casing that provides insulation and weather protection.
Terminals
Connects to electrical line and grounding system.

Where to Install?

  • At power entry points
  • Near transformers or panels
  • Along long cable runs

International Standards

StandardDescription
IEC 60099-4Gapless metal-oxide surge arresters
IS/IEC 62305Lightning Protection Systems (India)
IEEE C62.11Standard for arresters in power systems

Advantages of ZnO Arresters

⚡ Fast Response
Operates in < 1 nanosecond.
🛠 Maintenance Free
No spark gap or mechanical parts.
📦 Compact
Lightweight and easy to install.

FAQs

🔸 Is a lightning arrester different from SPD?
Yes. Arresters handle large external surges (e.g., lightning). SPDs handle internal transients.
🔸 Do I need both?
Yes. They complement each other in layered protection systems.

Conclusion

Lightning arresters are critical to protecting electrical infrastructure. Whether you're managing a substation, office building, or industrial facility, a properly installed ZnO arrester provides long-lasting, maintenance-free defense against lightning surges.

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